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| - Peru is again without a president after interim leader Manuel Merino quit after two died in violent police repression of street protests against him. He was the third president to fall or be impeached in less than three years. Here is a recap of the rollercoaster of political crises that have rocked Peru over the past two decades. In November 2000 Congress impeaches President Alberto Fujimori, elected 10 years previously and accused of corruption, on grounds of "moral incapacity." He had fled to Japan the previous day and resigned by fax. Fujimori was later jailed for 25 years for corruption and human rights abuses while in office. Opposition leader Alejandro Toledo scrapes through presidential elections in June 2001, starting a crisis-filled term. The country is paralyzed by weeks of strikes in 2003 and Toledo declares a state of emergency. His cabinet quits in June 2003 and in December Toledo demands his entire government go to defuse a sex scandal involving his prime minister, Beatriz Merino. A July 2006 vote returns ex-president Alan Garcia, despite criticism of his 1985-1990 term marked by four-digit inflation, leftist insurgencies and rampant corruption. In October 2008 Garcia's cabinet resigns to avert a censure resolution over the granting of concessions to Norwegian oil company, Discover Petroleum. Leftist ex-military man Ollanta Humala narrowly beats Keiko Fujimori, daughter of the jailed ex-president, in presidential elections in June 2011. He is Peru's first leftist leader in 36 years. Humala's first year in power is marked by social conflicts that leave several people dead, with him forced to declare a state of emergency three times. In March 2015 Congress sacks prime minister Ana Jara over claims that the intelligence agency had spied on lawmakers, reporters and business leaders for years. Ex-Wall Street banker Pedro Pablo Kuczynski narrowly wins the June 2016 election against Keiko Fujimori, whose right-wing Popular Force party retains a large majority in Congress. In March 2017 prosecutors order investigations into Kuczynski's links to a massive scandal involving Brazilian construction giant Odebrecht, accused of paying millions of dollars in bribes to Peruvian officials between 2005 and 2014. The president survives an impeachment vote in December 2017 with support from lawmakers led by Kenji Fujimori, Keiko's brother. Days later, Kuczynski pardons Alberto Fujimori. Thousands protest. A day before a second impeachment vote in March 2018, Kuczynski resigns and is replaced by his deputy, Martin Vizcarra. In November 2018 Keiko Fujimori is taken into custody over claims she accepted illicit Odebrecht funding for her party. In April 2019 ex-president Garcia commits suicide as police are about to arrest him on allegations of taking Odebrecht bribes, which he denied. In May Humala and his wife are charged with allegedly laundering assets as part of the same scandal. Toledo is arrested in the United States in July after claims he also took a massive payout. Vizcarra dissolves Congress in September after it blocks anti-corruption reforms, and calls elections for January 2020. Congress votes to suspend Vizcarra for a year for "moral incapacity." But thousands pour into the streets across Peru to support him. Support for Fujimorism collapses in the January elections. Vizcarra is impeached on November 9, weeks after a recording of him trying to persuade witnesses to cover up in a corruption probe emerge. He denounces "a plot" and thousands of his supporters protest. Manuel Merino is installed as interim leader the next day but quits on November 15 after two protesters die when police crack down on a huge march against him in Lima. Police fired shotgun pellets into the crowd injuring up to 112. Human rights officials said a dozen people had also "disappeared". mmt-ang/fg/mtp
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