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| - Quick Take
An Instagram post claims that packaged milk consumption can cause cancer. After a thorough fact check, we term it as Mostly False.
The Claim
According to an Instagram post, consuming packaged milk can cause cancer. The post alleges that chemicals and preservatives used in processing and packaging milk make it carcinogenic.
Fact Check
What is packaged milk?
Packaged milk, also known as processed or pasteurised milk, undergoes treatments to ensure it is safe for consumption. The pasteurisation process involves heating milk to a specific temperature to kill harmful bacteria, thereby preventing diseases such as tuberculosis and brucellosis that were once common in raw milk. Additionally, packaging ensures that the milk is protected from contamination and extends its shelf life. Packaged milk comes in various forms, including ultra-high temperature (UHT) milk, which can last for several months without refrigeration if unopened.
Are chemicals and preservatives in packaged milk harmful?
The claim suggests that chemicals and preservatives in packaged milk are harmful and can cause cancer. However, pasteurised milk sold in packages is strictly regulated by food safety authorities such as the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in the United States and the Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI) in India. These regulations ensure that additives stay within safe limits for human consumption. Generally, milk does not contain preservatives; its longevity is primarily due to pasteurisation and proper refrigeration. The main components of packaged milk are water, fat, protein, lactose, vitamins, and minerals, none of which are carcinogenic when consumed within recommended amounts.
Can packaged milk consumption cause cancer?
No, packaged milk consumption does not cause cancer. We were not able to find any significant evidence linking milk consumption to cancer. In fact, studies suggest that milk might have protective effects against certain types of cancer, such as colorectal cancer. Milk is a rich source of calcium, vitamin D, and other nutrients that contribute to overall health. The notion that packaged milk causes cancer is baseless and lacks substantial evidence.
What about recent reports on milk containing carcinogens?
Recent reports, such as those from the Hindustan Times and the New Indian Express, show concerns about milk samples containing harmful substances. For instance, some samples contained Aflatoxin M1, a carcinogenic toxin often resulting from contaminated cattle feed and poor storage practices. These adulterants pose serious health risks but are not inherent to the milk itself. Regulatory bodies are actively working to identify and eliminate such practices to ensure milk safety.
Moreover, based on the context provided by the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition (AJCN), the presence of Aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) in milk does not necessarily indicate an increased risk of liver cancer in humans. Although AFM1 is a known carcinogen, the levels found in milk are generally low and regulated by food safety authorities to minimise any potential health risks.
What about hormones in packaged milk?
Some concerns around packaged milk relate to the presence of hormones, such as recombinant bovine growth hormone (rBGH), used in some countries to increase milk production. The FDA and other health authorities have determined that milk from cows treated with rBGH is safe for consumption. The hormone rBGH has been scrutinised extensively, and regulatory agencies say that it does not pose a health risk to humans. Though the research is mixed here.
According to the Breast Cancer Prevention Partners, the use of rBGH or rBST in dairy cows increases IGF-1 levels, a protein naturally present in milk. The research on dairy consumption and cancer risk is mixed. But, higher blood levels of IGF-1 are linked to an increased risk of pre-menopausal breast cancer. Additionally, many brands offer hormone-free options, and strict labelling regulations help consumers make informed choices.
Furthermore, as per the American Cancer Society, the evidence of potential harm to humans from rBGH in milk is inconclusive. It’s unclear if rBGH significantly raises IGF-1 levels or cancer risk in humans, needing further research. rBGH use does increase antibiotic-resistant bacteria due to more frequent mastitis (inflammation of breast tissue) treatments. But, its impact on humans remains unclear.
How reliable is the source of the claim?
The Instagram post lacks citations from credible scientific studies or health organisations. Verify information from reliable sources before accepting such claims, as misinformation can spread quickly and cause panic. Trusted organisations like the WHO and the American Cancer Society have not found packaged milk to be carcinogenic. Consumers should rely on peer-reviewed research and expert opinions for health information.
What are the known risk factors for cancer?
According to the World Health Organization (WHO) and the American Cancer Society, known risk factors for cancer include tobacco use, excessive alcohol consumption, poor diet, lack of physical activity, and exposure to carcinogenic substances. Diet does play a role in cancer risk. But, the focus is mainly on reducing intake of processed and red meats, increasing consumption of fruits and vegetables, and maintaining a balanced diet. There is no specific evidence that milk, whether packaged or raw, is a significant factor in cancer risk. A balanced diet that includes dairy products can contribute to overall health and potentially reduce the risk of some cancers like colorectal cancer.
What do experts say about packaged milk and health?
Health experts and nutritionists in India generally agree that milk is a nutritious food providing essential nutrients such as calcium, protein, and vitamins. The Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) and the Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI) recommend the inclusion of dairy products as part of a balanced diet. Milk and dairy products have several health benefits. These include better bone health, lower blood pressure, and a lower risk of cardiovascular disease. The benefits of milk outweigh any unproven risks, and people should not trust unreliable claims on social media.
The ICMR and FSSAI emphasise that milk should be free from adulterants and contaminants to ensure safety. They have established guidelines and regulations to monitor and maintain the quality of milk, ensuring it is safe for consumption. The focus remains on preventing adulteration and improving cattle feeding practices to eliminate harmful substances like Aflatoxin M1. We acknowledge that there exists a problem of adulteration, even when strict regulations are in place. But, choosing popular brands, and a quick quality check to ensure original milk products is the way to go. The FSSAI also provides guidelines to test the purity of milk in a detailed document.
Conclusion
The claim that drinking packaged milk causes cancer is mostly false. Regulatory bodies ensure its safety, and current research does not prove carcinogenic allegations. Issues often arise from contamination and adulteration, not the milk itself. Consumers should rely on credible sources and consult healthcare professionals in case of doubts. Packaged milk remains a safe and nutritious option and should not be dismissed based on unverified claims.
Disclaimer: Medical Science is an ever evolving field. We strive to keep this page updated. In case you notice any discrepancy in the content, please inform us at [email protected]. You can futher read our Correction Policy here. Never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking medical treatment because of something you have read on or accessed through this website or it's social media channels. Read our Full Disclaimer Here for further information.
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