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| - The Federal Reserve launched an unprecedented effort on Monday to flood the US economy with money amid the chaos caused by the coronavirus pandemic, as Congress debated a rescue plan for American workers and companies. Like patients around the world battling the disease itself, the US economy is on life support, with some forecasters projecting a 14 percent contraction in the April-June quarter while the global economy could shrink 1.5 percent this year. About a third of Americans have been ordered to stay at home, and the Fed warned of "severe disruptions" from the virus as it rolled out another series of measures to pump funds into the economy, including buying unlimited amounts of government debt -- a move akin to printing money. But while that should provide much-needed oxygen to the financial system and keep businesses from running out of cash, Democrats in the Senate on Sunday blocked an emergency aid package that could amount to a stunning $2 trillion as they demanded more funds to help workers directly and more strings on any aid going to corporations. Treasury Secretary Steven Mnuchin said Monday he would be meeting again with congressional leaders to try to hash out a compromise. President Donald Trump "wants to protect small businesses and the workers and we are working around the clock today to make sure that the Senate passes this today. This is the most important thing we can do," Mnuchin said on Fox Business Network. In response to Democratic concerns about once again having taxpayers come to the rescue of major corporations, he said, "I want to be clear, there are no bailouts." "This isn't corporate welfare. This helps all American workers." Mnuchin said the Fed's measures would provide $4 trillion in needed liquidity into the US economy. The Fed had already slashed the benchmark interest rate to zero, and announced it would buy at least $500 billion of Treasury debt as well as $200 billion of mortgage-backed debt, but now has committed to buying "in the amounts needed to support smooth market functioning." The Fed's New York branch, which handles the financial transactions, said it would start out by purchasing $75 billion per-day in Treasuries and $50 billion per-day in mortgage-backed securities. In the latest action, the Fed revived facilities it last used during the 2008 global financial crisis, and expanded others announced in recent days, including buying debt issued by US municipalities and by corporations. In addition, the Fed said it would soon unveil a program to lend directly to small- and medium-sized companies -- those that have been hardest hit by the near complete shutdown of the US economy as authorities fight to contain the spread of the virus. "While great uncertainty remains, it has become clear that our economy will face severe disruptions," the Fed said in a statement, pledging to use all available tools to contain the damage. "Aggressive efforts must be taken across the public and private sectors to limit the losses to jobs and incomes and to promote a swift recovery once the disruptions abate." Economists praised the effort, but said massive stimulus from Congress is still needed. "The downturn is not avoidable. The economic carnage associated with downturn can be mitigated so that there is an economy left to ramp up," said Diane Swonk, chief economist at Grant Thornton. Ian Shepherdson, chief economist at Pantheon Macroeconomics, offered an equally dire warning: "The near-term threat to the economy is existential." The central bank actions represent "an all-out effort to ensure that the business sector can continue to exist even as economic activity temporarily collapses. The Fed is now effectively the direct lender of last resort to the real economy, not just the financial system." The central bank pledged to "continue to use its full range of tools to support the flow of credit to households and businesses." One of the programs, the Term Asset-Backed Securities Loan Facility (TALF), will help backstop recent student loans, car loans and credit card debt as well as small business loans. hs/cs
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