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| - A Paris appeals court on Monday confirmed a three-year suspended jail sentence and 30-million-euro fine for Teodorin Obiang, the son of Equatorial Guinea's leader. The ruling is a follow-up to the first trial stemming from multiple investigations into assets linked to the leaders of African countries, which also include Congo-Brazzaville and Gabon. The ruling families of the three oil-rich countries all face investigations into claims of embezzlement and money-laundering. Here is a timeline: - December 2008: The French chapter of Transparency International (TI) and non-governmental group Sherpa file a suit against the three countries' presidents accusing them of acquiring luxury homes in France with embezzled public money. - November 2010: A French court authorises judges to start investigating the allegations. - September 2011: French judicial officials raid Paris property belonging to the family of Equatorial Guinea President Teodoro Obiang Nguema, hauling away Bugattis, Ferraris, Rolls-Royces and other cars. Nine seized cars are auctioned in July 2013 for 3.21 million euros. - July 2012: A court issues an international arrest warrant for Obiang's son Teodorin after he refuses to heed a summons. He is agriculture minister and deputy head of mission to UN cultural agency UNESCO, and tries to claim diplomatic immunity. - July 2012: The Paris mansion of Teodorin Obiang is seized. The six-storey apartment is reportedly worth more than 100 million euros. - March 2014: Teodorin Obiang is charged with corruption and embezzlement. He denies the charges. - August-September 2015: Judges seize several properties suspected of belonging to a nephew of Congo-Brazzaville President Denis Sassou Nguesso. - December 2015: A French appeals court rules that Teodorin Obiang does not have immunity against prosecution. - April 2016: French judges seize properties belonging to the family of Gabon's president Omar Bongo, who died in 2009, including a villa in Nice and a Paris mansion. Two Paris apartments in the name of Sassou Nguesso's wife Antoinette are also confiscated. - September 2016: French authorities announce that Teodorin Obiang, promoted to first vice president in June, will stand trial. - January 2017: Teodorin Obiang's trial begins in his absence and is postponed immediately. It resumes in June and ends in July with prosecutors demanding a three-year jail term and 30-million-euro fine. - March 2017: Sassou Nguesso's nephew, Wilfrid, is placed under investigation for money laundering and misuse of public funds in France. - June 2017: Investigators charge a daughter and son-in-law of Congo's president with money laundering and misuse of public funds. - July 2017: Another nephew of Sassou Nguesso and a former sister-in-law are charged. Five members of Sassou Nguesso's entourage have now been charged. - August 2017: French judges wrap up their investigation into the Bongo family and no charges are announced. - October 2017: A Paris court hands Obiang a three-year suspended jail term and a suspended fine of 30 million euros for embezzlement, money laundering, corruption and abuse of trust. He appeals. - December 2019: One of Denis Sassou Nguesso's sons, Denis Christel Sassou Nguesso, is placed under investigation for money laundering. - February 10, 2020: an appeals court in Paris confirms the suspended sentence for Obiang and also orders him to pay the fine. doc-br-paj-jmy/eab/klm
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